Skolastik Bahasa Inggris UTBK
bimbeljogja.com (Contoh Soal Skolastik Bahasa Inggris UTBK) – Pasti kalian sudah tahu bahwa di tahun 2023 pelaksanaan UTBK berganti nama menjadi SNBT (Seleksi Nasional Berdasarkan Tes). Ada 4 jenis tes skolastik yang diujikan, salah satunya Literasi Bahasa Inggris. Nah, kalian mau tahu apa saja contoh soal yang bisa kalian jadikan untuk opsi belajar di rumah? Yuk simak sampai akhir!
Ujian Tulis Berbasis Komputer (UTBK) adalah bagian penting dari proses seleksi masuk perguruan tinggi di Indonesia. Salah satu komponen utama dalam UTBK adalah skolastik, yang mengukur kemampuan akademis calon mahasiswa dalam berbagai bidang, termasuk bahasa Inggris. Berikut ini adalah beberapa contoh soal skolastik bahasa Inggris yang dapat membantu kalian mempersiapkan diri untuk UTBK.
Contoh Soal Skolastik Bahasa Inggris UTBK
The text is for the following question number 1
Television was once the newest technology in our homes, and then came videos and computers. Today’s children are growing up in a rapidly changing digital age that is far different from their parents. A variety of technologies are all around us in our homes, offices, and schools. When used wisely, technology and media can support learning children’s relationships both with adults and their peers.
Based on some evidence by research, there has never been a more important time to apply principles of development and learning when considering the use of cutting-edge technologies and new media as the so-called interactive media. Interactive media refers to digital and analog materials, including software programs, applications (apps), some children’s television programming, e-books, the Internet, and other forms of content designed to facilitate active and creative use by young children and to encourage social engagement with other children and adults.
When the integration of technology and interactive media in early childhood programs is built upon solid developmental foundations, and early childhood professionals are aware of both the challenges and the opportunities, educators are positioned to improve program quality by intentionally leveraging the potential of technology and media for the benefit of every child.
This statement provides guidance for early childhood educators about the use of technology and interactive media in ways that can optimize opportunities for young children’s development. In this statement, the definition of technology tools encompasses a broad range of digital devices such as computers, tablets, multi-touch screens, interactive whiteboards, mobile devices, cameras, audio recorders, electronic toys, games, e-book readers, and older analog devices still being used such as tape recorders, record and cassette players, projectors, and microscopes.
By appropriately and intentionally using the technology of his day—broadcast television—to connect with each individual child and with parents and families, it demonstrated the positive potential of using technology and media in ways that are grounded in principles of child development.
1. The author would apparently agree on the idea that ….
A. technology may bring more good than harm when it is used wisely
B. digital media can harm learning and relationships
C. technology can influence the relationships between children and their friends
D. technology provides children with enjoyable experiences
E. technology minimizes the potential for children’s learning and engagement with others
Pembahasan:
Soal tersebut menanyakan kesimpulan tersirat penulis menurut teks tersebut. Berdasarkan paragraf ketiga (educators are positioned to improve program quality by intentionally leveraging the potential of technology and media for the benefit of every child), paragraf keempat (the use of technology and interactive media in ways that can optimize opportunities for young children’s development), dan paragraf kelima (it is demonstrated the positive potential of using technology and media in ways that are grounded in principles of child development), dapat disimpulkan bahwa penulis mengungkapkan tentang penggunaan teknologi yang jika digunakan secara bijak, dapat membantu dan mengoptimalkan perkembangan anak.
Kesimpulan tersirat yang tepat adalah teknologi membawa lebih banyak kebaikan daripada kerugian jika digunakan secara bijak.
Jawaban: A. technology may bring more good than harm when it is used wisely
Read the text and answer the question number 2!
Earthquake is any sudden shaking of the ground caused by the passage of seismic waves through Earth’s rocks. Seismic waves are produced when some form of energy stored in Earth’s crust is suddenly released, usually when masses of rock straining against one another suddenly fracture and “slip.” Earthquakes occur most often along geologic faults, narrow zones where rock masses move in relation to one another. The major fault lines of the world are located at the fringes of the huge tectonic plates that make up Earth’s crust.
Little was understood about earthquakes until the emergence of seismology at the beginning of the 20th century. Seismology, which involves the scientific study of all aspects of earthquakes, has yielded answers to such long-standing questions as why and how earthquakes occur. About 50,000 earthquakes large enough to be noticed without the aid of instruments occur annually over the entire Earth. Of these, approximately 100 are of sufficient size to produce substantial damage if their centers are near areas of habitation. Very great earthquakes occur on average about once per year. Over the centuries they have been responsible for millions of deaths and an incalculable amount of damage to property.
2. The paragraph following the passage most likely discusses ….
A. the reason why we need the seismology
B. factors that cause the earthquake and seismic wave
C. the development of seismology to identify the earthquake earlier
D. examples of the substantial damage that caused by the earthquake
E. suggestions to emerge the seismology to detect the earthquake
Pembahasan:
Soal menanyakan topik yang kemungkinan besar dibahas pada paragraf selanjutnya setelah teks tersebut. Dalam sebuah wacana, topik sebuah paragraf lanjutan harus padu dengan topik paragraf sebelumnya. Untuk menguji kepaduan ini, pembaca dapat melihat pada bagian penutup paragraf dan bagian awal paragraf selanjutnya. Kepaduan dua paragraf tersebut akan terlihat dari bagian-bagian tersebut. Bagian penutup paragraf terakhir di teks bacaan adalah kalimat over the centuries they have been responsible for millions of deaths and an incalculable amount of damage to property. Kalimat penutup ini berbicara mengenai akibat gempa, yaitu hilangnya nyawa manusia dan kerusakan-kerusakan properti. Dari lima pilihan topik yang tersedia, topik yang paling padu dengan kalimat ini adalah examples of the substantial damage that caused by the earthquake. Paragraf dengan topik tersebut akan menjadi paragraf yang padu dengan paragraf terakhir dalam teks bacaan.
Jawaban: D. examples of the substantial damage that caused by the earthquake
The questions number 3–5 are based on the following passage.
In the US, consumers spend around $700 million a year keeping their fabrics soft. In the UK people spend £200 million a year on fabric softener. A giant manufacturer even claims a massive 50 percent share of the market. Despite the popularity, fabric softeners can be harmful to both the people who use them and the marine life that ends up swimming in them.
Fabric softening surfactants can be derived from animals, plants or minerals, as in the case of newer, silicone-based formulations. There is little difference between the chemicals used in fabric softeners and those used in hair conditioners. Whatever they are based on, all fabric softeners work in pretty much the same way, by depositing these surfactants onto the fabric to make it feel softer, reduce static cling, and impart a fresh fragrance.
Special fixatives in the mix of both standard and luxury conditioners mean that the fragrance can last for days, permeating wardrobes and drawers. The regular off-gassing of perfume chemicals from fabric softeners can be a significant trigger for asthma and other breathing problems. In the US, chemically sensitive individuals complain that, even after several washes, they cannot get the smell of fabric softeners out of their washing machines and dryers.
If you are a fabric softener addict, there are now a number of companies that provide alternative and ‘green’ fabric softeners. However, essentially, these are unnecessary products that can trigger health problems and can interfere with the functional aspect of some textiles. For instance, when used on towels and nappies, some fabric softeners can reduce absorbency, which is why it’s generally recommended that reusable nappies aren’t washed with them. Once they are washed down the drain they can become highly toxic to aquatic life. Given this, maybe it’s worth asking yourself whether the time has come to break the fabric softener habit completely.
3. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. Harmful compounds found in fabric softener
B. Environmental issues caused by fabric softener
C. Controlling the habit of using fabric softener
D. The popularity of fabric softener in the US
E. The downside of fabric softener usage
Pembahasan:
Soal menanyakan gagasan utama dari teks. Untuk menentukan gagasan utama keseluruhan teks, gagasan utama dari setiap paragraf perlu dipahami terlebih dulu.
Paragraf 1 menyampaikan bahwa meskipun banyak digunakan, pelembut kain bisa berbahaya bagi orang yang menggunakannya dan kehidupan laut.
Paragraf 2 membahas mengenai senyawa kimia (surfaktan) yang terkandung dalam pelembut kain dan caranya bekerja.
Paragraf 3 membahas wewangian pada pelembut kain yang dapat menjadi pemicu yang signifikan masalah pernapasan.
Paragraf 4 membahas tentang penggunaan pelembut kain yang dianggap tidak perlu karena membahayakan kesehatan manusia dan kehidupan laut.
Jawaban: E. The downside of fabric softener usage
4. The word permeating in the third paragraph is similar in meaning with ….
A. attaining
B. absorbing
C. charging
D. filling
E. soaking
Pembahasan:
Soal tersebut menanyakan kata yang maknanya sama dengan kata permeating. Kata permeating terdapat pada paragraf ketiga kalimat pertama, yang artinya ‘Fiksatif khusus dalam campuran kondisioner standar dan mewah yang berarti bahwa wewangian dapat bertahan selama berhari-hari, permeating lemari dan laci’. Jika wangi dalam bertahan lama, maka dapat dipahami jika wangi tersebut sudah mengisi atau meresap ke dalam lemari dan laci. Kata permeating memiliki arti ‘meresap’ sehingga kata dengan makna yang serupa adalah filling (mengisi).
Jawaban: D. filling
5. Based on the passage, it can be hypothesized that …
A. ‘Green’ softeners are developed in response to the needs of fabric softener addicts.
B. Manufactures will shift to producing ‘green’ fabric softener products.
C. A small amount of fabric softener chemicals in the water will not harm aquatic life.
D. The absorbency in some textiles will be reduced if they are washed with fabric softeners.
E. People with breathing problems will feel safer using fabric softener if it contains fewer perfume chemicals.
Pembahasan:
Soal tersebut menanyakan hipotesis atau kesimpulan sementara yang bisa dibuat berdasarkan teks tersebut. Kesimpulan tersebut masih perlu dibuktikan kebenarannya melalui penelitian.
Jawaban: E. People with breathing problems will feel safer using fabric softener if it contains fewer perfume chemicals.
The questions number 6–8 are based on the following passage.
Those in the retail industry that are successful in digitally transforming will be ones that leverage technology to innovate around an immersive and disruptive customer experience. These “lighthouse” retailers are the ones driving innovation, adopting emerging technologies early, and showing the industry what works and is possible. They are the ones experimenting with new models and store formats, playing with recombinations/reconfigurations of scale, assets, product, place, and people. The “store of the future” is the keystone of this effort.
The store of the future will combine multiple formats to deliver an immersive and unique experience across all customer touchpoints online and in the store. It will be heavily instrumented for operational efficiency and digitally connected end-to-end to leverage a single view of customer, product, and order. The store of the future – despite its reliance on sophisticated technology and infrastructure – will be trying to look smaller and less intimidating, more personalized, and frictionless.
The deployment of these and other digital technologies in disruptive ways can turn visitors into shoppers and shoppers into brand-loyal customers. However, understanding which consumers want personalization and which want contextualized and relevant experiences, while protecting everyone’s privacy, has grown more difficult. With so much at stake, data privacy has become a challenge for every party involved.
6. Who needs to see the passage?
A. Online customer
B. Businessperson
C. Manufacturer
D. Importer
E. Distributor
Pembahasan:
Soal tersebut menanyakan sasaran pembaca yang tepat untuk teks ini. Untuk mengetahuinya, perlu dipahami ide pokok dari teks terlebih dahulu.
Pada paragraf 1, penulis mendeskripsikan kualitas retailer yang sukses melakukan transformasi digital.
Pada paragraf 2, penulis menggambarkan format toko di masa depan.
Pada paragraf 3, penulis menjelaskan dampak negatif dari penggunaan teknologi bagi pelanggan, yaitu terkait dengan keamanan data mereka.
Oleh karena itu, yang paling mungkin menjadi sasaran teks adalah orang yang berwenang atau yang dapat membuat kebijakan untuk mengubah format ritel menjadi digital dan mempelajari langkah-langkah yang harus diterapkan supaya sukses dalam transformasinya. Dari opsi jawaban, sasaran pembaca yang paling tepat adalah businessperson, yaitu orang yang bekerja di bidang bisnis, terutama orang yang memiliki posisi penting di perusahaan.
Jawaban: B. Businessperson
7. Which of the following statements is correct?
A. Customers demanded stores with cutting-edge infrastructure to be user-friendly.
B. The more advanced the technology is, the more successful the retailers will be.
C. Each customer will receive a better and more unique experience in online shopping.
D. Providing a one-of-a-kind shopping experience will require a combination of formats.
E. Stores of the future are trying to achieve the ultimate goal that is to attract more visitors.
Pembahasan:
Soal menanyakan pernyataan yang tepat berdasarkan teks.
Jawaban: D. Providing a one-of-a-kind shopping experience will require a combination of formats.
8. What is the subject of the passage?
A. The emerging technology-specific change in retail industries
B. Digital transformation strategies and initiatives for retail organizations
C. The digitalization of retail business to push towards its improvements
D. The qualities of retailers in succeeding their digital transformation plans
E. Different ways of digital transformation in redefining retail stores
Pembahasan:
Soal tersebut menanyakan ide pokok dari teks. Ide pokok ini dapat diketahui dengan memperhatikan ide pokok dari setiap paragraf.
Jawaban: C. The digitalization of retail business to push towards its improvements
The questions number 9–11 are based on the following passage.
Loneliness and social isolation in older adults are serious public health risks affecting a significant number of people in the United States and putting them at risk for dementia and other serious medical conditions. A report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) points out that more than one-third of adults aged 45 and older feel lonely, and nearly one-fourth of adults aged 65 and older are considered to be socially isolated. Older adults are at increased risk for loneliness and social isolation because they are more likely to face factors such as living alone, the loss of family or friends, chronic illness, and hearing loss.
Although it’s hard to measure social isolation and loneliness precisely, there is strong evidence that many adults aged 50 and older are socially isolated or lonely in ways that put their health at risk. Recent studies found that social isolation significantly increased a person’s risk of premature death from all causes, a risk that may rival those of smoking, obesity, and physical inactivity. Poor social relationships (characterized by social isolation or loneliness) was also associated with a 29% increased risk of heart disease. Loneliness among heart failure patients was associated with a nearly 4 times increased risk of death, 68% increased risk of hospitalization, and 57% increased risk of emergency department visits.
9. The writer’s intention in writing the passage is to ….
A. disseminate the information about the impacts loneliness and social isolation in the elderly
B. encourage people to be more concerned about the elderly who are lonely and socially isolated
C. prove that the elderly experiencing loneliness and social isolation actually exist in the United States
D. convey the pain and sadness experienced by lonely and socially isolated elderly based on research
E. tell about the loneliness and unhappiness felt by the elderly who are socially isolated, as well as research findings
Pembahasan:
Soal menanyakan tujuan si penulis menulis teks. Paragraf pertama menyampaikan bahwa kesepian dan isolasi sosial pada lansia adalah risiko kesehatan masyarakat yang serius yang memengaruhi sejumlah besar orang di Amerika Serikat. Paragraf kedua menyampaikan hasil penelitian tentang dampak kesepian dan isolasi sosial yang dialami oleh para lansia.
Jawaban: A. disseminate the information about the impacts loneliness and social isolation in the elderly
10. To whom is the text likely addressed?
A. Families staying with elderly
B. People living around elderly
C. Pensioners who have just left their jobs
D. Senior citizens living alone in the suburbs
E. Employers having old workers in their companies
Pembahasan:
Soal menanyakan sasaran pembaca teks.
Secara umum, teks bacaan membahas tentang rasa kesepian dan isolasi sosial yang dialami para lansia yang berdampak buruk pada kesehatan mereka. Dengan demikian, sasaran teks ini adalah mereka yang tinggal di sekitar lansia agar mereka memperhatikan kondisi para lansia tersebut.
Jawaban: B. People living around elderly
11. From the last paragraph, we can infer that …
A. Those who experience loneliness may develop heart disease.
B. Feeling lonely aggravates the heart condition of the elderly.
C. Heart disease is the worst ailment that a lonely older person will suffer from.
D. The older people get, the more lonely they will feel.
E. Loneliness and social isolation that people experience makes them unable to survive.
Pembahasan:
Soal menanyakan kesimpulan tersirat yang dapat diambil berdasarkan informasi pada teks.
Jawaban: B. Feeling lonely aggravates the heart condition of the elderly.
The questions number 11–14 are based on the following passage.
The United Nations predicts Earth will have to feed another 2.3 billion people by 2050, mostly concentrated in urban centers far from farmland. Conventional agriculture may not be able to meet that demand, but luckily NASA has been working for decades to tackle food production both on Earth and in space. Feeding astronauts during long-term space exploration means stretching resources to grow plants in space—including minimizing water use and energy consumption and eliminating soil.
NASA initially pioneered these techniques on the ground by building the country’s first vertical farm. Inside a decommissioned hypobaric chamber left over from testing the Mercury space capsule, technologists stacked rows of hydroponic trays like bookshelves against the walls. Then systems for lighting, ventilation, and circulating water were added using off-the-shelf parts. Various crops were planted on the stacked trays to test how well they would grow in water and without the benefit of sunlight or open air. This innovative approach to farming created a foundation for the industry of controlled environment agriculture, or CEA.
CEA combines plant science and environmental control to optimize plant growth and maximize efficiency, frequently incorporating vertical growth structures. Technology enables the filtering of contaminants from crop water and delivers precise nutrient balances. Artificial lighting provides only the necessary wavelengths at the right time, intensity, and duration, while environmental controls maintain ideal temperature and humidity. This approach could help feed burgeoning future generations, said Nate Storey, chief science officer at Plenty Unlimited, one of several companies building on NASA’s plant-growth research.
11. It is stated in the passage that …
A. The world will run out of food by 2050 according to the United Nations.
B. NASA has maximized a farming method requiring a little water.
C. NASA is taking over conventional agriculture to address future food demands.
D. To improve plant development, plant science must be integrated with vertical growth structures.
E. NASA’s innovative approach pioneered the establishment of a controlled environment agriculture industry.
Pembahasan:
Soal tersebut menanyakan pernyataan yang sesuai dengan teks.
Jawaban: B. NASA has maximized a farming method requiring a little water.
12. Regarding the role of NASA in producing food, we know that …
A. The more farming techniques NASA uses, the less energy it requires.
B. The greater the space exploration is carried out, the more number of astronauts that must be fed.
C. The more people requiring food, the more maximum NASA’s agricultural technology will be.
D. The longer the space expedition is, the more NASA optimizes its farming resources.
E. The more maximum NASA farming technology becomes, the less traditional farming will be required.
Pembahasan:
Informasi mengenai peranan NASA dalam memproduksi makanan terdapat paragraf pertama. Pada kalimat kedua disampaikan bahwa NASA selama ini telah melakukan kegiatan pertanian untuk memenuhi pasokan makanan baik di bumi dan luar angkasa. Pada kalimat ketiga disampaikan bahwa eksplorasi ruang angkasa yang panjang telah mendorong NASA untuk memaksimalkan sistem pertanian mereka demi menyediakan makanan bagi para astronot. Dengan demikian, pernyataan yang tepat adalah The longer the space expedition is, the more NASA optimizes its farming resources. (Semakin lama ekspedisi luar angkasa yang dilakukan, semakin NASA memaksimalkan sumber daya pertanian mereka).
Jawaban: D. The longer the space expedition is, the more NASA optimizes its farming resources.
13. From the first paragraph, it can be predicted that …
A. NASA will be more concerned with food production in space than with food production on Earth.
B. The United Nations estimates that Earth will have to feed billions of people for a decade.
C. The most crucial aspect of long-term space exploration will be astronaut nutrition.
D. Conventional agriculture will succeed in feeding astronauts if it is combined with NASA’s techniques.
E. In the future, there will not be enough land for conventional agriculture.
Pembahasan:
Soal tersebut menanyakan prediksi yang tepat berdasarkan informasi pada paragraf pertama.
Jawaban: E. In the future, there will not be enough land for conventional agriculture.
14. How is the second paragraph related to the first paragraph?
A. Paragraph 2 exemplifies kinds of agricultural progress discussed in paragraph 1.
B. The vertical farm described in paragraph 1 is explained in detail in paragraph 2.
C. The second paragraph expands on the first paragraph’s discussion of NASA’s agricultural method.
D. The second paragraph explains further the issues raised in the first paragraph regarding food demands in 2050.
E. The success of the NASA farming practices mentioned in the first paragraph is reiterated in the second paragraph.
Pembahasan:
Soal tersebut menanyakan hubungan antara paragraf 2 dan paragraf 1.
Jawaban: C. The second paragraph expands on the first paragraph’s discussion of NASA’s agricultural method.
The questions number 15–17 are based on the following passage.
Those in the retail industry that are successful in digitally transforming will be ones that leverage technology to innovate around an immersive and disruptive customer experience. These “lighthouse” retailers are the ones driving innovation, adopting emerging technologies early, and showing the industry what works and is possible. They are the ones experimenting with new models and store formats, playing with recombinations/reconfigurations of scale, assets, product, place, and people. The “store of the future” is the keystone of this effort.
The store of the future will combine multiple formats to deliver an immersive and unique experience across all customer touchpoints online and in the store. It will be heavily instrumented for operational efficiency and digitally connected end-to-end to leverage a single view of customer, product, and order. The store of the future – despite its reliance on sophisticated technology and infrastructure – will be trying to look smaller and less intimidating, more personalized, and frictionless.
The deployment of these and other digital technologies in disruptive ways can turn visitors into shoppers and shoppers into brand-loyal customers. However, understanding which consumers want personalization and which want contextualized and relevant experiences, while protecting everyone’s privacy, has grown more difficult. With so much at stake, data privacy has become a challenge for every party involved
15. Who needs to see the passage?
A. Online customer
B. Businessperson
C. Manufacturer
D. Importer
E. Distributor
Pembahasan:
Soal tersebut menanyakan sasaran pembaca yang tepat untuk teks ini. Untuk mengetahuinya, perlu dipahami ide pokok dari teks terlebih dahulu.
Jawaban: B. Businessperson
16. Which of the following statements is correct?
A. Customers demanded stores with cutting-edge infrastructure to be user-friendly.
B. The more advanced the technology is, the more successful the retailers will be.
C. Each customer will receive a better and more unique experience in online shopping.
D. Providing a one-of-a-kind shopping experience will require a combination of formats.
E. Stores of the future are trying to achieve the ultimate goal that is to attract more visitors.
Pembahasan:
Soal menanyakan pernyataan yang tepat berdasarkan teks.
Jawaban: D. Providing a one-of-a-kind shopping experience will require a combination of formats.
17. What is the subject of the passage?
A. The emerging technology-specific change in retail industries
B. Digital transformation strategies and initiatives for retail organizations
C. The digitalization of retail business to push towards its improvements
D. The qualities of retailers in succeeding their digital transformation plans
E. Different ways of digital transformation in redefining retail stores
Pembahasan: Soal tersebut menanyakan ide pokok dari teks. Ide pokok ini dapat diketahui dengan memerhatikan ide pokok dari setiap paragraf.
Jawaban: C. The digitalization of retail business to push towards its improvements
18. Read the text below to answer the question!
A team led by UC Riverside geologists has discovered the first ancestor on the family tree that contains most familiar animals today, including humans. The tiny, wormlike creature, named Ikaria wariootia, is the earliest bilaterian, or organism with a front and back, two symmetrical sides, and openings at either end connected by a gut. The paper is published today in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
For 15 years, scientists agreed that fossilized burrows found in 555 million-year-old Ediacaran Period deposits in Nilpena, South Australia, were made by bilaterians. However, there was no sign of the creature that made the burrows, leaving scientists with nothing but speculation. Then, Scott Evans, a recent doctoral graduate from UC Riverside; and Mary Droser, a professor of geology, noticed miniscule, oval impressions near some of these burrows. With funding from a NASA exobiology grant, they used a three-dimensional laser scanner that revealed the regular, consistent shape of a cylindrical body with a distinct head and tail and faintly grooved musculature. The animal ranged between 2-7 millimeters long and about 1-2.5 millimeters wide, with the largest the size and shape of a grain of rice — just the right size to have made the burrows.
“We thought these animals should have existed during this interval, but always understood they would be difficult to recognize,” Evans said. “Once we had the 3D scans, we knew that we had made an important discovery.”
The purpose of the passage is ….
A. to announce how great a team of geologists is
B. to deliver the information about several ancestors
C. to advertise an ancient animal found in Australia
D. to inform the readers about the important discovery
E. to reveal the sophisticated new science technology
The questions number 19–22 are based on the following passage.
The holiday shopping season is underway, and the National Intellectual Property Rights Coordination Center (IPR Center) is launching a new holiday shopping toolkit to help consumers protect themselves from substandard or even hazardous counterfeit products. The holiday shopping toolkit includes online shopping do’s and don’ts, ways to protect financial and banking information, educational videos and infographics, and general information on how to spot fake merchandise. IPR Center partners Homeland Security Investigations, Customs and Border Protection (CBP), Federal Bureau of Investigations (FBI) and The Toy Association are teaming up to ensure consumers can make educated decisions when searching for the best deals this season.
What’s the risk of buying counterfeit products? Counterfeit electronics can overheat and explode, bicycle helmets can break upon impact, phony cosmetics and health care products can be made with dangerous or unsanitary ingredients that should not be applied to the skin, and seasonal items for the home, like holiday lights, can be poorly wired and ignite fires. Counterfeit goods not only cheat the consumer with substandard and potentially hazardous products, but the websites used can also put shoppers at risk of having their personal and financial data stolen for other nefarious purposes. Online shopping is particularly vulnerable to scams that trick the user into buying counterfeit and pirated goods.
The IPR Center, working collaboratively with its 27 public and private sector partners, stands at the forefront of the United States government’s response to combatting global intellectual property theft and enforcing intellectual properties rights violations. The IPR Center was established to combat global intellectual property theft and, accordingly, has a significant role policing the sale and distribution of counterfeit goods on websites, social media, and the dark web. These efforts protect U.S. industry, the U.S. consumer, and the safety of the American public from the adverse economic impact and health dangers posed from introducing counterfeit products into U.S. commerce.
19. The purpose of the passage is to ….
A. warn the readers how vulnerable online shopping can be for them
B. raise awareness of the dangers of fake goods that harm consumers
C. let the public know the IPR’s latest effort to combat counterfeit goods
D. inform the problems that can result from purchasing counterfeit products
E. explain why counterfeit products are risky and should be avoided by the IPR
Pembahasan:
Soal menanyakan tujuan penulisan teks.
Jawaban: C. let the public know the IPR’s latest effort to combat counterfeit goods
20. The word nefarious in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ….
A. evil
B. virtuous
C. irritating
D. damaging
E. troublesome
Pembahasan:
Soal menanyakan kata yang bermakna sama dengan nefarious.
Evil berarti ‘jahat’; virtuous berarti ‘berbudi luhur’; irritating berarti ‘mengganggu’; damaging berarti ‘yang menyebabkan kerusakan’; troublesome berarti ‘menyusahkan’.
Pada teks, kata nefarious terdapat dalam kalimat yang memiliki arti ‘Barang tiruan tidak hanya menipu konsumen dengan produk di bawah standar dan berpotensi berbahaya, tetapi situs belanja online yang digunakan juga dapat mencuri data pribadi dan keuangan konsumen untuk tujuan nefarious lainnya.’.
Pada kalimat tersebut, disampaikan beberapa tindakan jahat seperti pencurian data pribadi dan keuangan. Dengan demikian, berdasarkan konteks kalimatnya, dapat diketahui bahwa sinonim dari nefarious yang tepat adalah evil.
Jawaban: A. evil
21. With ideas in paragraph 3, it can be predicted that …
A. The number of people addicted to counterfeit goods will dwindle.
B. Americans will be able to shop wisely on online shopping platforms.
C. The perpetrators of buying and selling fake products will be arrested.
D. More people would place a higher value on intellectual property.
E. Counterfeit items will be less widely distributed in the USA.
Pembahasan:
Soal menanyakan prediksi penulis berdasarkan paragraf ketiga.
Paragraf ketiga membahas upaya IPR Center dan 27 mitra sektor publik dan swasta dalam memerangi pencurian kekayaan intelektual yang dapat membantu pemantauan terhadap penjualan barang tiruan di dunia maya.
Berdasarkan informasi tersebut, prediksi penulis yang paling tepat adalah E, Counterfeit items will be less widely distributed in the USA (peredaran barang tiruan di Amerika serikat akan berkurang). Prediksi ini tepat karena berkurangnya peredaran barang tiruan di Amerika Serikat dapat terjadi akibat ketatnya pemantauan penjualan barang palsu di negara tersebut.
Jawaban: E. Counterfeit items will be less widely distributed in the USA.
22. The ideas in the passage may be best summarized that …
A. The IPR Center publishes a new holiday shopping kit in the US.
B. The IPR Center prevents counterfeit goods from entering the United States.
C. The IPR’s new holiday shopping kit campaign seeks to encourage American to actively combat counterfeit items.
D. The IPR Center released a new holiday shopping toolkit intended to protect Americans from purchasing counterfeit goods.
E. A new holiday shopping kit has been released in the USA by the IPR Center to fight global intellectual property theft.
Pembahasan:
Berdasarkan isi dari tiap paragraf, teks tersebut dapat dirangkum menjadi ‘IPR, yang bertujuan untuk memerangi pencurian kekayaan intelektual global dan menegakkan pelanggaran hak kekayaan intelektual, merilis perangkat belanja liburan baru yang dimaksudkan untuk melindungi orang Amerika dari membeli barang palsu yang dapat membahayakan keuangan dan kesehatan mereka.’.
Jawaban: D. The IPR Center released a new holiday shopping toolkit intended to protect Americans from purchasing counterfeit goods.
23. The text is for the following question.
Television was once the newest technology in our homes, and then came videos and computers. Today’s children are growing up in a rapidly changing digital age that is far different from their parents. A variety of technologies are all around us in our homes, offices, and schools. When used wisely, technology and media can support learning children’s relationships both with adults and their peers.
Based on some evidence by research, there has never been a more important time to apply principles of development and learning when considering the use of cutting-edge technologies and new media as the so-called interactive media. Interactive media refers to digital and analog materials, including software programs, applications (apps), some children’s television programming, e-books, the Internet, and other forms of content designed to facilitate active and creative use by young children and to encourage social engagement with other children and adults.
When the integration of technology and interactive media in early childhood programs is built upon solid developmental foundations, and early childhood professionals are aware of both the challenges and the opportunities, educators are positioned to improve program quality by intentionally leveraging the potential of technology and media for the benefit of every child.
This statement provides guidance for early childhood educators about the use of technology and interactive media in ways that can optimize opportunities for young children’s development. In this statement, the definition of technology tools encompasses a broad range of digital devices such as computers, tablets, multi-touch screens, interactive whiteboards, mobile devices, cameras, audio recorders, electronic toys, games, e-book readers, and older analog devices still being used such as tape recorders, record and cassette players, projectors, and microscopes.
By appropriately and intentionally using the technology of his day—broadcast television—to connect with each individual child and with parents and families, it demonstrated the positive potential of using technology and media in ways that are grounded in principles of child development.
The author would apparently agree on the idea that …. 
A. digital media can harm learning and relationships
B. technology provides children with enjoyable experiences
C. technology may bring more good than harm when it is used wisely
D. technology can influence the relationships between children and their friends
E. technology minimizes the potential for children’s learning and engagement with others
Pembahasan:
kesimpulan tersirat yang tepat adalah teknologi membawa lebih banyak kebaikan daripada kerugian jika digunakan secara bijak.
Jawaban: C. technology may bring more good than harm when it is used wisely
23. The text is for the following question.
Television was once the newest technology in our homes, and then came videos and computers. Today’s children are growing up in a rapidly changing digital age that is far different from their parents. A variety of technologies are all around us in our homes, offices, and schools. When used wisely, technology and media can support learning children’s relationships both with adults and their peers.
Based on some evidence by research, there has never been a more important time to apply principles of development and learning when considering the use of cutting-edge technologies and new media as the so-called interactive media. Interactive media refers to digital and analog materials, including software programs, applications (apps), some children’s television programming, e-books, the Internet, and other forms of content designed to facilitate active and creative use by young children and to encourage social engagement with other children and adults.
When the integration of technology and interactive media in early childhood programs is built upon solid developmental foundations, and early childhood professionals are aware of both the challenges and the opportunities, educators are positioned to improve program quality by intentionally leveraging the potential of technology and media for the benefit of every child.
This statement provides guidance for early childhood educators about the use of technology and interactive media in ways that can optimize opportunities for young children’s development. In this statement, the definition of technology tools encompasses a broad range of digital devices such as computers, tablets, multi-touch screens, interactive whiteboards, mobile devices, cameras, audio recorders, electronic toys, games, e-book readers, and older analog devices still being used such as tape recorders, record and cassette players, projectors, and microscopes.
By appropriately and intentionally using the technology of his day—broadcast television—to connect with each individual child and with parents and families, it demonstrated the positive potential of using technology and media in ways that are grounded in principles of child development.
The author would apparently agree on the idea that ….
A. digital media can harm learning and relationships
B. technology provides children with enjoyable experiences
C. technology may bring more good than harm when it is used wisely
D. technology can influence the relationships between children and their friends
E. technology minimizes the potential for children’s learning and engagement with others
Pembahasan:
kesimpulan tersirat yang tepat adalah teknologi membawa lebih banyak kebaikan daripada kerugian jika digunakan secara bijak.
Jawaban: C. technology may bring more good than harm when it is used wisely
24. The author holds the assumption that ….
A. any forms of content designed to facilitate creative children to learn will challenge them
B. interactive media are any kind of media that include hardware and artifacts of education
C. the integration of technology and interactive media in childhood programs leads to improved program quality
D. applying principles of development and learning of children is secondary in the use of the interactive media
E. technology and media can be used to facilitate learning and establish better relationships with other children and adults
Pembahasan:
Soal tersebut menanyakan asumsi penulis.
Berdasarkan kalimat By appropriately and intentionally using the technology of this day—broadcast television—to connect with each individual child and with parents and families, it demonstrated the positive potential of using technology and media in ways that are grounded in principles of child development, dapat disimpulkan bahwa menggunakan teknologi dengan tepat dan ditujukan untuk terhubung dengan setiap anak dengan orangtua dan keluarganya, menunjukkan potensi positif penggunaan teknologi dan media dengan cara yang didasarkan pada prinsip-prinsip perkembangan anak.
Dengan demikian, penulis berasumsi bahwa teknologi dan media dapat digunakan untuk memfasilitasi pembelajaran dan menciptakan hubungan dengan anak-anak lain serta orang dewasa.
Jawaban: E. technology and media can be used to facilitate learning and establish better relationships with other children and adults
25. The question is based on the following passage.
Around 2.8 million Indian students sat university examinations from the end of August to September 13 as the country approached the grim milestone of 5-million total COVID-19 cases. Despite pleas from civil society to defer examinations, including by Swedish climate activist Greta Thunberg, a Supreme Court ruling on August 17 gave the government the green light to keep the original schedule for the engineer and medical colleges entrance exams.
The JEE and the NEET, how university exams for those two careers are called, are India’s most competitive — they sprawl industries of their own, with preparation courses generating millions of dollars annually. The court bench headed by Justice Ashok Bhushan said that “the career of the students cannot be put on peril for long, and a full academic year cannot be wasted.” The court will not hear any further petitions regarding postponing future exam dates.
According to the Ministry of Education, 74 percent of the students registered to the first of the JEE took the exam, while an above 80-percent attendance was observed for the NEET exam. Students are now gearing up for the second stage of the JEE (the JEE Advanced), which will take place on September 27. Protests against the exam date have dwindled since the Supreme Court decision.
What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Indian students were reluctant to join university preparation courses.
B. Indian students were forced to sit the JEE and the NEET exam.
C. The JEE and the NEET are annually held by the Supreme Court.
D. The Supreme Court considered the pleas from society.
E. The university entrance tests were finally rescheduled.
Pembahasan:
Soal menanyakan kesimpulan tersirat yang tepat berdasarkan informasi pada teks tersebut.
Pada paragraf pertama, dijelaskan bahwa meskipun ada permohonan dari masyarakat untuk menunda jadwal ujian masuk universitas terkait dengan banyaknya kasus COVID-19, putusan Mahkamah Agung pada 17 Agustus memberi pemerintah lampu hijau untuk mempertahankan jadwal asli untuk ujian masuk insinyur dan perguruan tinggi kedokteran. Pada akhir paragraf kedua, dijelaskan bahwa pengadilan tidak akan mempertimbangkan petisi apapun mengenai jadwal tersebut. Kemudian pada paragraf ketiga dijelaskan bahwa ujian JEE dan NEET sudah dilaksanakan dan diikuti oleh para mahasiswa.
Informasi pada ketiga paragraf tersebut menunjukkan bahwa sebenarnya mahasiswa menginginkan jadwal ujian tersebut ditunda. Namun, pada akhirnya mereka tetap mengikutinya karena pemerintah tidak bersedia menunda jadwal tersebut.
Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa siswa di India mengikuti ujian JEE dan NEET dalam keadaan terpaksa.
Jawaban: B. Indian students were forced to sit the JEE and the NEET exam.
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